PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.